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    MPAcc英语口语面试重要词汇

    来源:    人浏览    时间:2017-02-27 10:21:26

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    Key Terms of Accounting inEnglish

    These are the basic terms that arefrequently used in financial and managerial accounting. You must remember howto spell them and what they mean.

     

    In the course of Accounting English, ourmajor goal is to learn those terms that will help us understand accountingmaterials in English.

     

    In the bilingual course of ManagementAccounting, the understanding of those terms is critical for us to master majortheories and approaches of management accounting.

     

    So get yourself prepared!

     

    It is also smart of you to add in any otheraccounting words to the list whenever you find one that is new and useful.

     

    Financialaccounting

    Asset

    资产

    Liability

    负债

    Accounting equation

    会计等式

    Owner’s equity

    所有者权益

    Current asset

    流动资产

    Current liability

    流动负债

    Cash

    现金

    Accounts payable

    应付账款

    Trading securities

    交易性金融资产

    Notes payable

    应付票据

    Short-term investments

    短期投资

    Salaries/wages payable

    应付职工薪酬

    Accounts receivable

    应付账款

    Interest payable

    应付利息

    Allowance for bad debts

    坏账准备

    Taxes payable

    应缴税费

    Notes receivable

    应收票据

    Unearned revenue

    预收账款

    Inventory

    存货

    Dividend payable

    应付股利

    Supplies

    办公费用

    Short-term loans

    短期借款

    Prepaid expenses / prepayment

    待摊费用

    Current portion of long-term liabilities

    长期负债中的流动部分

    Fixed asset / plant asset

    固定资产

    Long-term liability

    长期负债

    Equipment and machinery

    机器设备

    Bonds payable

    应付债券

    Building and land

    土地和房屋

    Long-term loan

    长期借款

    Accumulated depreciation

    累计折旧

    Capital/capital stock

    实收资本

    Intangible asset

    无形资产

    Common stock

    普通股

    Goodwill

    商誉

    Preferred stock

    优先股

       

    Retained earnings

    留存收益

           

    Accounting cycle

    会计周期

    Source document

    会计凭证

    Journal entry

    会计分录

    account

    账户

    Permanent account

    永久账户

    Temporary account

    临时性帐户

    General ledger

    总分类账

    Subsidiary ledger

    明细分类账

    Account balance

    帐户余额

    journalize

    日记账

    post

    过账

    adjust

    核算

    close

    结账

    The trial balance

    试算(平衡)表

    Financial statement

    财务报表

    Balance sheet

    资产负债表

    Income statement

    利润表

    Cash flow statement

    现金流量表

    Double-entry system

    复式记帐法

    Income Summary

    本年利润

    debit

    借方

    credit

    赊购(制度)

    Contra account

    抵销科目

    Adjunct account

    附加账户

    GAAP

    一般公认会计原则

    Business entity

    企业单位

    Periodicity

    周期

    Monetary unit

    货币单位

    Accrual basis

    权责发生制

    Going concern

    持续经营

    Materiality

    实质性

    Objectivity

    客观性

    Substance over form

    实质重于形式

    Reliability

    可靠性

    Timeliness

    时间性

    Relevance

    相关性

    Comparability

    可比性

    Conservatism

    稳健性

    Matching principle

    相配原则

    Understandability

    理解性

           
           

    Historical cost

    历史成本

    Book / carrying value

    账面价值

    Present value

    现值

    Fair value

    公允价值

    Net realizable value

    可变现净值

    Replacement value

    重置价值

           

    Revenue

    主营业务成本

    Cost of goods sold

    主营业务成本

    Cash discount / trade discount

    现金折扣/商业折扣

    Cost of goods produced / purchased

    生产成本/购货成本

    Returns and allowances

    退货和折让

    Cost of goods available for sale

    可供销售的商品成本

    Direct material

    直接材料

    Direct labor

    直接人工

    Manufacturing overhead

    制造费用

    Production cost

    生产成本

    Beginning inventory

    期初存货

    Ending inventory

    期末存货

    Incidental cost

    附加成本

    Freight cost

    运费

    Administrative expenses

    管理费用

    Selling expense

    销售费用

    Period expense

    期间费用

    Gross profit

    总利润

    Net income/ net loss

    净收入/净损失

    Gains and losses

    利益及损失

           

    Straight-line depreciation

    直线法折旧

    Accelerated depreciation

    加速折旧

    Units-of-production method

    工作量法

    Double-declining-balance method

    双倍余额递减法

    Residual / salvage value

    剩余价值

    Useful life

    使用年限

    Amortization

    摊销

    Depletion

    损耗

    Direct write-off method

    直接冲销法

    Allowance method

    备抵法

    Bank reconciliation

    银行对账单

    Internal control

    内部控制

    Deposits in transit

    在途存款

    Revenue expenditures

    收益性支出

    Outstanding checks

    未兑现支票

    Capital expenditures

    资本性支出

    Cash equivalence

    现金等价物

    Premium / discount on bonds payable

    贴现率

    Cash over and short

    现金盈亏

    Par value

    票面价值

    Lower of cost or market

    成本与市价孰低

    Credit terms

    信用条件

    Perpetual inventory system

    永续盘存制

    Periodic inventory system

    定期盘存法

    FOB shipping point

    寄发地交货

    FOB destination

    目的地交货

     

     

    Managementaccounting

    Work  in process inventory

    在产品

    Variable  costing

    变动成本

    Finished  goods inventory

    产成品

    Cost  behavior

    成本性态

    Prime  costs

    主要成本

    Relevant  range

    相关范围

    Conversion  costs

    加工成本

    Fixed  cost

    固定成本

    Incremental  analysis

    差量分析

    Variable  cost

    变动成本

    Incremental  cost

    差量成本

    CVP  analysisCost-volume-proit

    成本量分析

    Relevant  cost

    相关成本

    Contribution  margin

    贡献边际

    Sunk  cost

    沉没成本

    Break-even  point

    保本点

    Opportunity  cost

    机会成本

    Economics  of scale

    规模效应

    Out-of-pocket  cost

    付现成本

    Margin  of safety

    安全边际

    Joint  cost

    联合成本

    Operating  income

    营业利润

    Joint  products

    联产品

    Split-off  point

    分离点

    Responsibility  accounting

    权责发生制

    Responsibility  centre

    责任中心

    Responsibility  margin

    责任毛益

    Performance  margin

    履约保证金

    Traceable  fixed cost

    可追溯固定成本

    Controllable  fixed cost

    可控制固定成本

    Common  fixed cost

    共同固定成本

    Committed  fixed cost

    给定的固定成本

    Master  budget

    总预算

       

    Standard  cost system

    标准成本制

       

    Materials  price variance

    材料价格差异

    Materials  quantity variance

    材料数量差异

    Labor  rate variance

    人工工资率差异

    Labor  efficiency variance

    人工效率差异

    Overhead  volume variance

    间接费用

    Overhead  spending variance

    间接费用(制造费用)开支差异

           

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